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[Music]

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hi I'm Pedro I'm a master student of

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national observatory

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I'm funding funded by parish so yeah

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this is the the our group my advisor one

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gas from value Observateur Benjamin

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wanted from the University of Chicago

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and simile the flow from the National

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Observatory in Brazil well let me

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introduce my my presentation with this

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glass slide for from an extra planetary

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presentation that sure was a cumulative

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number of detection of exoplanets

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through the years and the different

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colors refers to different methods of

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detection so we have sorry the most of

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them is LA were detected by tragedy and

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hi-yah okay sorry and that's due to a

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space telescope called Kepler there it

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was dedicated to the transit method and

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in my own self it founded by it found

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around 68 percent of all planets that we

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have until today and so yeah so like

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number genes give us a spoiler the

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Trinity method is is like we see a

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source of light like a star and we can

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track its brightness through the time

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producing a light curve so when

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something passes in front of the star in

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our line of sight like a planet we can

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see variation in the light curve we're

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decreasing after an increase of the flux

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or brightness so that is how we detect

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planets in the transit man method

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well the Kepler field of view has an

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area of one hundred and fifteen and

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fifteen point six square degrees the

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every ninety three days the telescope

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Rose 92 degrees but it preserves the

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same field of view and in this field of

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view we have around a 4.5 million stars

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but the Kepler team only observe it only

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bracket and producer light curves for

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just a piece of it because the technical

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limitations esteridge data so they chose

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the brightest stars here KP is the kappa

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magnitude in the in astronomy we less

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than magnitude

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is writer the source so it is yeah it's

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fuzzy okay and the other other stars

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were only observe it emits called

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full-frame image that contains all the

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oldest there's more than four million

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stars but they don't have light cars so

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we have eight F of s that were taken

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during the commission time of the

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telescope there are other four 5ff eyes

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we're thinking like a monthly with this

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time of exposure here I present you an

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example of one piece of one FFI that

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contains more than 30,000 stars and this

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is layout of one FFI we have here eight

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four of these minor squares and and the

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last image was when an example of one

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just piece of one FFI so we're doing

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hard math here eight four times

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53 FFI so we're dealing with this number

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of events all of them contain more

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thousands and thousands of stars so yeah

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it's a big data here

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well our goal is to is focusing updated

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statistics of planets around me Milky

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Way stars that is important to

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understand better the planetary

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formation models because we need more

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planes to be found to improve the

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the knowledge that we have about the

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formation of the planets we don't we

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have an issue between the planet Icarus

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rates from different methods so we need

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to attack this problem here and

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unfortunately we are focusing in

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fighting project errs because we have

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not very good time coverage hffi is like

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taking monthly and normally we have for

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a transit detection like time a coverage

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a in days not in most and with that hot

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Jupiters will characterize the their

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orbital periods and we as you and we

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expect more than 100 planetary systems

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to be found and as an extra will find

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new celestial bodies like eclipsing

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binaries variable stars and brown dwarfs

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okay so what you could ask me first

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searching so yes for a giant gas

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extremely hot planes there are

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inhabitable there is extremely

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environments where is the astrobiology

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in your work okay so we don't know the

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fraction of habitable claims because we

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don't know a lot of habitable planets we

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don't know a lot of planets that okay we

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just have four thousand planets found

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into today and we have millions of the

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stars in our Milky Way okay and to

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answer this question we need a better

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model of planet information and this

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model must explain all types of planets

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including these hot Jupiters so yeah

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after all we need more data we need more

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planets to answer this question so there

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were some previous works

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with this FFI data from Kepler like this

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this 2 1 here and we expected by the

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literature and previous works decrease

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of brightness of around 1% for giant

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planets our hot Jupiters in around 50%

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for eclipsing binary and then in the

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middle of it way we will find brown

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dwarfs like this this example here that

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represents the quiz of 3 percent of the

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brown dwarf passing in front of its it's

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M dwarf stars

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okay for that we use it we adapted the

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code that were buted to to the test f fi

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a image that tells is like the successor

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of kepler because Kepler is toppled to

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work last year so we adapted this code

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we are adapting this code so yeah we

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have different FF Ison see CDs so yeah

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this is the boring part we have to to

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modify the the things that the the

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matrices and all of this that that stuff

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and after we had to clean the image so

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you reuse it

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Sigma clip function that that we put a

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threshold and it removes all the

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outliers so that allows us to produce

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clean it image and noise image and the

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comparison of them showed to us that we

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have a noise in the clinic image that's

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that it is under the precision that we

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need to find hot Jupiters away it is

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good we need accuracy greater than one

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person okay

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then we have we had to align and

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combinate the image way

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here I have an example of one piece

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often and image and here I have the the

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reference frame that was created by

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stacking different image with the same

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field of view and the same orientation

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so looking at that looking at it they

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need the day they show like very similar

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but yeah we can detect the difference of

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1% by eye

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so for that we have to do some photon

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three-point some good photography here

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so we are doing that right now so we're

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having some some problems in this part

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but we are completely we are almost done

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the photometry after after that we have

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to compare to make difference between

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the reference frames and this the single

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and clear and FFI so this we will all

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allow us to produce 53 points for its

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light curve so then we have to create

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the light curves so here we we will have

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to do more than 4 million light curves

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with each one contains container

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containing the 53 points well then we

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will have to classify the classic 8d

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objects-- like in planets brown dwarfs

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eclipsing binaries and variable stars

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there there is some work today that is

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doing that I don't remember the the

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paper right okay then we have to do the

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appropriate characterization and finally

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oh my god finally

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we had to do some good statistical

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analysis here that will allow us to much

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you know like the hot Jupiters

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occurrence that way we need to to attack

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this problem of this of the difference

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between methods and we don't know okay

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so yeah just to recap we have a four

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point thirty five million lights curve

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should be created and analyze it after

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we we don't we we done we're the

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photometry and we expect this number of

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new hot Jupiters or more just

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extrapolating the the the data that we

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have for the Kepler and using the some

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explanted exoplanet catalog so that

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would increase in nineteen percent the

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sample of all the hot Jupiters that we

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we know today and this is important to

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understand better the planetary

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formation the planetary migration so it

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looks like a lot of more work to do

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well the the name problem here is the

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technical competition and the updation

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of the co so yeah that is the hard work

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here but yeah I had to end this by March

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yeah wish me luck okay

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and that's all yeah

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questions hi thank you for your hard

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work I know how how big the project is

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it's just not so very um I have a

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question do you don't have any plan to

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do

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sub or following observation on cake

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stars yeah yeah there's a step that we

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need to do but I don't think that I will

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finish this in my master so yeah

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the future is is I don't know the future

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so I don't know if I will be in this

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project in the and my PG but yeah this

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is the next step after all that so all

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the work that you are doing

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yeah it's based on the transit method

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that's Kepler did you're not gonna do

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any observation yourself or your body

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just real quick see you had a rough

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estimation of how many hot Jupiters she

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planned to potentially get with this had

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marred then well you said about more

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harm do you have any estimations for

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things like brown dwarfs or other planet

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types yeah well I also had a question

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especially with the large number of

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theta that you're going to go through

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I'm just wondering like do you have

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plans especially for like the

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characterizing between eclipsing

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binaries and such will you use something

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like machine learning algorithms to go

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through yeah I think that that is the

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next step I'm trying to learn that but

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we are in this photometer part and then

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we will have to do some like a machine

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any other questions